Guide to the Andalusian Education System for Foreign Families
If you are moving to Málaga with your family, one of your main concerns will likely be your children's education. Understanding the education system is essential for a smooth integration into a new country and ensuring the best academic and social experience for your children. In Andalusia, education follows the Spanish system, with different stages and options depending on the type of school.
Access to education is a fundamental right, and fortunately, the Andalusian education system offers both public and private institutions so that every family can find the best option for them. However, understanding the differences between public, state-subsidized (concertado), and private schools, as well as the enrollment process and requirements for foreign students, can be challenging for those coming from abroad.
In this detailed guide, we will explain the educational stages, the enrollment process, and the differences between public, concertado, and private schools in Andalusia. This way, you can make an informed decision about your child's education and help them integrate into their new life in Málaga.
Stages of the Andalusian Education System
Early Childhood Education (0-6 years old)
- Not mandatory but highly recommended for social integration.
- Divided into two cycles: 0-3 years (nurseries or daycare centers) and 3-6 years (preschool education within primary schools).
- Available in public, concertado, and private institutions.
Primary Education (6-12 years old)
- Free and mandatory.
- Comprises six academic years.
- The curriculum includes subjects such as mathematics, language, science, physical education, and foreign languages (mainly English).
Compulsory Secondary Education (ESO) (12-16 years old)
- Also free and mandatory.
- Consists of four academic years.
- At the end of this stage, students receive the Graduate Certificate in Compulsory Secondary Education (GESO), which is necessary for further studies.
Baccalaureate (16-18 years old) or Vocational Training
- The Baccalaureate lasts two years and is a prerequisite for university.
- Alternatively, students can choose vocational training (FP).
- Not mandatory but essential for higher education access.
Vocational Training and University
- Vocational training offers intermediate and advanced courses in various professional fields.
- To enter Spanish universities, students must complete the Baccalaureate and pass the university entrance exam (EVAU, formerly Selectividad).
School Enrollment Process
- Choosing a School: The Andalusian government’s school admission portal provides information about available schools based on your residence.
- Submitting an Admission Application: The application period usually takes place between March and April. You must fill out an application form and submit it to your chosen school.
- Required Documents:
- ID or passport of the child and parents.
- Proof of residence in Málaga.
- Family record book or other proof of relationship.
- Academic records if the child is transferring from another country.
- Allocation of Places: The list of admitted students is published. If there are no spots available at the preferred school, you can appeal or request reassignment.
- Final Enrollment: In June, you must submit final enrollment documents.
Differences Between Public and Private Schools in Andalusia
Public Schools
- Free and funded by the government.
- Follow the Andalusian educational curriculum.
- Offer greater cultural diversity, helping foreign children integrate more easily.
- Can be overcrowded in some areas, reducing individual attention.
- Some schools provide language support for non-Spanish-speaking students.
Concertado Schools
- Private institutions partially funded by the government.
- Generally follow a similar curriculum to public schools but with additional resources.
- Some schools have a religious orientation.
- Parents may have to contribute financially to certain services.
Private Schools
- Fully funded by parents.
- Offer smaller class sizes, allowing for more personalized attention.
- Some follow international curricula (such as IB or other national systems), which can be beneficial for foreign families.
- Typically have better facilities and a wider range of extracurricular activities.
Additional Considerations
- If your child does not speak Spanish, some schools offer adaptation programs for foreign students.
- It is advisable to contact the chosen school in advance to clarify any questions.
- The Andalusian education system is inclusive and provides support for students with special needs.
Moving to a new country can be challenging, but with this guide, you can better understand the Andalusian education system and smoothly enroll your child in school.